$S&P 500(.SPX)$ $SPDR S&P 500 ETF Trust(SPY)$ $NASDAQ 100(NDX)$ $Invesco QQQ(QQQ)$ $Dow Jones(.DJI)$ $iShares Russell 2000 ETF(IWM)$ The chart below should be studied carefully by every student of the markets. Here's my 5 thoughts from this chart: 1. Investor Behavior: everyone wants to own stocks at the top (when valuations are high), few want to own them at the bottom (when valuations are low). 2. There -is- An Alternative: the 1970’s-1980’s period saw a structural decline in stockmarket valuations (and allocations to stocks) and